还在自己辛苦编写分布式 ID 生成工具？这款神器让你瞬间 “真香”！

还在自己辛苦编写分布式 ID 生成工具？这款神器让你瞬间 “真香”

在日常开发中，我们通常需要自行实现分布式ID生成，但这种方式往往伴随着诸多问题，如性能瓶颈、重复ID风险等。为了解决这些问题，我们可以引入 Hazelcast，它提供了高效、可靠的分布式ID生成机制，帮助我们避免常见的陷阱，简化开发流程，提升系统稳定性。

一、基础依赖引入

<dependencies>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.hazelcast</groupId>
       <artifactId>hazelcast</artifactId>
       <version>5.5.0</version>
   </dependency>
</dependencies>

二、本地集成版本

• 添加Sprringboot配置类

  import com.hazelcast.client.HazelcastClient;
  import com.hazelcast.client.config.ClientConfig;
  import com.hazelcast.client.config.ClientFlakeIdGeneratorConfig;
  import com.hazelcast.core.HazelcastInstance;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
  
  import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MINUTES;
  
  /**
   * Hazelcast配置类
   * 创建flakeId生成器配置
   * 预取数量为10，预取有效期10分钟
   */
  @Configuration
  public class HazelcastConfig {
  
      @Bean
      public HazelcastInstance hazelcastInstance() {
          // 创建配置
          Config config = new Config();
          // 设置集群名称
          config.setClusterName("FlakeGenerator");
          // 创建flakeId生成器配置
          FlakeIdGeneratorConfig flakeIdGeneratorConfig = new FlakeIdGeneratorConfig("flake-id-generator");
          // 预取数量
          flakeIdGeneratorConfig.setPrefetchCount(10);
          // 预取有效期
          flakeIdGeneratorConfig.setPrefetchValidityMillis(MINUTES.toMillis(10));
          // 添加配置
          config.addFlakeIdGeneratorConfig(flakeIdGeneratorConfig);
          // 创建客户端
          return Hazelcast.newHazelcastInstance(config);
      }
  }

• 添加访问接口类

  import com.hazelcast.core.HazelcastInstance;
  import com.hazelcast.flakeidgen.FlakeIdGenerator;
  import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
  
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.List;
  
  @RestController
  @RequestMapping("/hazelcast")
  public class HazelcastController {
  
      @Resource
      private HazelcastInstance hazelcastInstance;
  
      /**
       * 生成10个flakeId
       */
      @RequestMapping("/gen")
      public List<Long> gen() {
          List<Long> flakeIds = new ArrayList<>(10);
          FlakeIdGenerator flakeIdGenerator = hazelcastInstance.getFlakeIdGenerator("flake-id-generator");
          for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
              flakeIds.add(flakeIdGenerator.newId());
          }
          return flakeIds;
      }
  }

• 浏览器访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/hazelcast/gen

  生成数据结果如下：

  

三、服务器部署版

说明：此处操作系统以Rocky Linux v9.5为例

• Hazelcast部署

  # 检查系统是否安装wget组件
  wget -V

  出现如下内容，打印出wget版本，说明已经安装

  如果没有安装则执行，sudo yum install -y wget

  

  # 此处我们以rpm包的方式安装
  # 下载hazelcast的rpm仓库依赖文件
  wget https://repository.hazelcast.com/rpm/stable/hazelcast-rpm-stable.repo -O hazelcast-rpm-stable.repo
  # 移动文件到/etc/yum.repos.d/文件夹下
  sudo mv hazelcast-rpm-stable.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
  # 安装hazelcast
  sudo yum install -y hazelcast-5.5.0

  检查Hzelcast是否安装成功

  # 检查是否安装成功，出现下图内容，则说明已经成功
  hz -V

  

  修改安装后的配置文件内容/usr/lib/hazelcast/config/hazelcast.xml

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <hazelcast xmlns="http://www.hazelcast.com/schema/config"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.hazelcast.com/schema/config
             http://www.hazelcast.com/schema/config/hazelcast-config-5.5.xsd">
      <!-- 需要修改的内容，集群名称，对应HazelcastServerConfig中的集群名称 -->
      <cluster-name>FlakeGenerator</cluster-name>
  
      <network>
          <!-- 修改interface标签中IP地址 -->
          <interfaces enabled="true">
              <interface>192.168.1.72</interface>
          </interfaces>
          <join>
               <!-- 修改member标签中IP地址 -->
              <tcp-ip enabled="true">
                  <member-list>
                      <member>192.168.1.72</member>
                  </member-list>
              </tcp-ip>
          </join>
      </network>
  </hazelcast>

• 添加Sprringboot配置类

  import com.hazelcast.client.HazelcastClient;
  import com.hazelcast.client.config.ClientConfig;
  import com.hazelcast.client.config.ClientFlakeIdGeneratorConfig;
  import com.hazelcast.client.config.ClientNetworkConfig;
  import com.hazelcast.core.HazelcastInstance;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
  import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
  
  import java.util.List;
  
  import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MINUTES;
  
  /**
   * Hazelcast配置类
   * 创建flakeId生成器配置
   * 预取数量为10，预取有效期10分钟
   */
  @Configuration
  public class HazelcastServerConfig {
  
      @Bean
      public HazelcastInstance hazelcastInstance() {
          // 创建配置
          ClientConfig clientConfig = new ClientConfig();
          // 设置集群名称
          clientConfig.setClusterName("FlakeGenerator");
          // 创建flakeId生成器配置
          ClientFlakeIdGeneratorConfig clientFlakeIdGeneratorConfig = new ClientFlakeIdGeneratorConfig("flake-id-generator");
          // 预取数量
          clientFlakeIdGeneratorConfig.setPrefetchCount(10);
          // 预取有效期
          clientFlakeIdGeneratorConfig.setPrefetchValidityMillis(MINUTES.toMillis(10));
          // 添加配置
          clientConfig.addFlakeIdGeneratorConfig(clientFlakeIdGeneratorConfig);
          // 设置网络配置
          ClientNetworkConfig clientNetworkConfig = new ClientNetworkConfig();
          // 设置集群地址
          clientNetworkConfig.setAddresses(List.of("192.168.1.72:5701"));
          clientConfig.setNetworkConfig(clientNetworkConfig);
  
          // 创建客户端
          return HazelcastClient.newHazelcastClient(clientConfig);
      }
  }

• 添加访问接口类

  import com.hazelcast.core.HazelcastInstance;
  import com.hazelcast.flakeidgen.FlakeIdGenerator;
  import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
  import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
  
  import java.util.ArrayList;
  import java.util.List;
  
  @RestController
  @RequestMapping("/hazelcast")
  public class HazelcastController {
  
      @Resource
      private HazelcastInstance hazelcastInstance;
  
      /**
       * 生成10个flakeId
       */
      @RequestMapping("/gen")
      public List<Long> gen() {
          List<Long> flakeIds = new ArrayList<>(10);
          FlakeIdGenerator flakeIdGenerator = hazelcastInstance.getFlakeIdGenerator("flake-id-generator");
          for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
              flakeIds.add(flakeIdGenerator.newId());
          }
          return flakeIds;
      }
  }

• 浏览器访问http://127.0.0.1:8080/hazelcast/gen

  生成数据结果如下：